Internal-combustion engine



Aug. 28, 192s. 1,682,512

H. S. HAYS INTERNAL couBUsTIo ENGINE Filed laren 19, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 7 /r zo /9 /5 Aug. 28, 1928. 1,682,512

H. s. HAYs INTERNAL COKBUSTI ON ENGINE Filed March 19. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 NVENTOR w l from/ Y Patented Aug. 28, 1928.

HARRY S. HAYS, UF MOLINE, ILLINOIS.

mmm-CUMBUSTION ENGINE.

pplication'ledliarchm, 1925. Serial No. 16,830.

My invention rel'ateisfto improvements in internal combustion engines, and has more special reference to that class of said devices in which the gas intake and exhaust operations are under the control of a rotary valve.

011e of' the purposes thereofis to provide a quiet, smooth-rl'mning' engine, which will operate with almnimmm amountof vibration.

Another object of the invention is theprono vision oravalve-mechanism of the type mentioned, and parts a purtenant thereto, of such acenstruetion that thelsame will form the unitary head offan'engine block 0f a convernionalV tern, sothat'the invention can be l5 readily s itute'd fur-the .usual head of such engine; andf'ully take theplac'e thereof.

Anthel* '1mm @ff the invention* consists in a novelarrangemem orfy cooling chambers, wherebytl keroeislsiv'eliotrt generated in 'the cylinders and combustion chambers may be reduced and nultrsiized.

object thereof is the provision of a eoolingfcompmrtment on theinterior of the rotary vatve, andsarrounding'tkre combustion chamber; soms lte preventthe over-heating 'of such parte.

Another advantage' of" the invention consiste in having rhoclonibustion head seated loosely in thenppe'rl endlofthle'c linder bore, so thatthe same willadapt itse f readily to such cylinder. The mbustionhead is also monntodin `such-a way as robe capable of adjustment with reference to the cylinder bore, or cylinder head bore, as the case may be. Said combustion head is also provided with a sealing means, between such head and the valve, to prevent the escape of vapor charges therethrough, under compression, or of the explosive gases, under combustion.

The above-named, and other features and advantages of the invention will more fully appear from the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 1s a vertical cross-section of the invention, as it appears when embodied in a motor. e

Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section, on the broken line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the valve 21, detached.

The reference number 1 indicates an engine cylinder of usual construction, below which is shown a fragmentary portion of a 55 crank-shaft casing, in which is mounted a crank-shaft 3, connected by a rod 4 with a piston 5, movable in the cylinder 1. Said cylinder is enclosed within a water-jacket 6.

Mounted above the cylinder l isa hcad formed of two parts 7 and 8, provided with means for detachable connection, not shown in the drawings. ably secured to the cylindcr-block by means of` usual fastening devices, not shown. Inthc part 7 is a water con'ipartment 9, and in-the part 8 is a water space 10, communicating with the space 9 through passages 11 and 12. Centrally ofthe part 8 is aV cylindrical opening 13, within which is supported a combustion head 14, by means of bolts 15, secured in the part 7. Within the head 14 is a water space 16, connected with the compartment 9 through openings 17. Centrally of the head 14 is a combustion chamber 18, the walls of which converge upwardly to a threaded opening .in which is installed a spark-plug 19, the

head 7 having an opening 20 to ypermit the placing or removal of such plug.

Between the combustion head 14and inner wall of the opening 13 is a space wi thin which is rotatably mounted acyhndrical valve 2l. having inits walls a series of equally spaced ports 22, three of such ports being shown in they present embodin'lent. Said ports are adapted for successive registry with a fuel intake passage 23 and exhaustpassage 24 in the Wall of the part 8 of the cylinder head; Said ports also communicate inwardly through on opening 25 inthe head 14 with the combustion chamber 18 therein.

On the upper end of the valve 21 is a gearrim 26, the teeth of which are in mesh with a worm drive gear 27 on a shaft 28 rotatably supported in an opening 29 extending.

through one side of the head. Said shaft is provided with a central borcl 30 for lubrieating purposes, said bore communicating through a perforation 3l with the threads of the worm 27. Movement of the crank-shaft 3 may be imparted to the shaft 28 in any suitable manner, as for instance, by means of a belt or chain as indicated at 32, connecting a wheel 33 on the shaft 28 with a similar wheel 34 on the crank-shaft.

On the outer face of the head 14 is an annular recess to accommodate a seal ring 35, which is held immovably in position, and is provided with an opening 36 in one of its sides, coinciding in position with the passage 25. An auxiliary packing ring 37 may be provided, if desired, near the lower end of the head 14.

Said head is also detaehi llo The water-spaces in the head section 8 aie in communication with the water-jacket 6 by means of openings 38 connecting the same, and the water-jacketing may also extend between and around the passages 23 and 24, as shown at 39. (Fig. 2.) The various water spaces extend throughout the length of the engine block, as indicated in connection with the compartment 10 in Fig. 2, the desired number of cylinders being positioned therein at regular intervals. e

In the operation of the valve Q1 one of the ports therein is brought into line with the intake passage 23, and a charge of vapor admitted to the cylinder. Following the compression stroke and explosion of the gas the next succeeding port in said valve is brought into registry with the exhaust passage 24:, as shown in Fig. 2. In the continued movement of the valve this port is the next one to admit a charge of gas through the intake 23. In the usual four-cycle type of engine, with the present valve arrangement of three ports, therewould necessarily be six revolutions of the crank-shaft to one complete rotation of the valve, which can be provided for in the worm-gear drive mechanism.

It will be observed that the valve 21 is not only fully enclosed, so as to be as little exposed to the heat radiation as possible, but it is also provided with water-cooling means both within and without. There is therefore no danger of the valve expanding unduly or becoming warped through the action of the heat resulting from the succeeding explosions of gas.

The invention is made of such form and di iiiensioiis as to render the same readily attachable to engine-blocks of an established pattern. It can also be embodied in an engine at the time of building thereof, if desired. When separately made it can be used for replacing the cylinder-heads `of other formations, as hereinbefore mentioned.

By the use of the seal-ring 35 the escape of liiiade to con form thereto, so as to fit properly in the end of the cylinder.

There has been shown and set forth herein the preferred embodiment of the invention, it being understood that changes can be made in the form and arrangement of the parts thereof, by those skilled in the art to which it pertains, without departing from the spirit of the invention, as `set forth and claimed herein.

IVhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A device of the class described, comprising a cylinder head formed of. two parts having intercoinmunieating water-spaces gas intake and exhaust passages extending through one of said parts into the center of said head, a hollow combustion head supported in said last-named part, and providedl with an open` ing into said intake and exhaust passages, and

having a central opening the walls of which converge upwardly,` to a sparkplu seat, means for adjustment of said com Justion head with reference to the end of a cylinder with which the head is connected, a cylindrical Vvalve rotatably mounted between said combustion head and cylinder head, provided with ports for successive register with said intake and exhaust passages, and a seal ring between said valve and combustion head, having an opening coinciding with the opening in said combustion head.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HARRY S. HAYS. 

